PRC Anti-money Laundering Law
中华人民共和国反洗钱法
This law aims to address the issue of money laundering in China and impose criminal liabilities on violators. A department of the State Council is in charge of overseeing anti-money laundering measures nation-wide.
(Promulgated on October 31 2006 and effective as of January 1 2007.)
(二零零六年十月三十一日公布,自二零零七年一月一日起施行。)
PRC President's Order (No.56 of the 10th NPC)
PART ONE: GENERAL PROVISIONS
中华人民共和国主席令 (十届第56号)
Article 1: This Law has been formulated in order to prevent money laundering activities, safeguard the financial order and inhibit the crime of money laundering and related criminal offences.
Article 2: For the purposes of this Law, the term "anti-money laundering" refers to the act of taking relevant measures in accordance herewith with the aim of preventing money laundering activities involving the use of various means to cover up or conceal the origin and nature of criminal proceeds and benefits derived from narcotics-related crime, gang-type organized crime, crime of terrorism, crime of smuggling, crimes of misappropriation of public property and bribery, crime of undermining financial management order, crime of financial fraud and other crimes.
第一章 总则
Article 3: Financial institutions established in the People's Republic of China, and specific non-financial institutions that have an anti-money laundering obligation in accordance with provisions, shall take preventive and monitoring measures in accordance with the law, establish sound systems for authenticating the identities of customers, preserving customer identity information and transaction records and reporting large and suspicious transactions, and perform their anti-money laundering obligations.
Article 4: The State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering is responsible for the oversight of anti-money laundering activities nationwide. The relevant departments and organizations of the State Council shall perform their duties of overseeing anti-money laundering activities within their respective purviews.
第一条 为了预防洗钱活动,维护金融秩序,遏制洗钱犯罪及相关犯罪,制定本法。
The State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering, the relevant departments and organizations of the State Council and the judicial authorities shall mutually cooperate in anti-money laundering work.
Article 5: Customer identity information and transaction information obtained when performing anti-money laundering duties or obligations in accordance with the law shall be kept confidential. Unless required by law, such information may not be offered to any work unit or individual.
第二条 本法所称反洗钱,是指为了预防通过各种方式掩饰、隐瞒毒品犯罪、黑社会性质的组织犯罪、恐怖活动犯罪、走私犯罪、贪污贿赂犯罪、破坏金融管理秩序犯罪、金融诈骗犯罪等犯罪所得及其收益的来源和性质的洗钱活动,依照本法规定采取相关措施的行为。
Customer identity information and transaction information obtained in the course of performing its anti-money laundering duties by a department in charge of anti-money laundering or other department or organization with a duty to oversee anti-money laundering activities according to law may only be used in administrative anti-money laundering investigations.
Customer identity information and transaction information obtained by a judicial authority in accordance herewith may only be used in anti-money laundering criminal procedures.
第三条 在中华人民共和国境内设立的金融机构和按照规定应当履行反洗钱义务的特定非金融机构,应当依法采取预防、监控措施,建立健全客户身份识别制度、客户身份资料和交易记录保存制度、大额交易和可疑交易报告制度,履行反洗钱义务。
Article 6: When an organization performing its anti-money laundering obligations or its working personnel submits reports on large and suspicious transactions in accordance with the law, it/they shall be protected by law.
Article 7: Any work unit or individual that discovers money laundering activities shall have the right to report the same to the department in charge of anti-money laundering or public security authority, and the authority that receives such report shall maintain the confidentiality of the identity of the person who made the report and the contents of his/her report.
第四条 国务院反洗钱行政主管部门负责全国的反洗钱监督管理工作。国务院有关部门、机构在各自的职责范围内履行反洗钱监督管理职责。
PART TWO: ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING OVERSIGHT
Article 8: The State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering will organize and coordinate anti-money laundering activities nationwide, be responsible for monitoring funds in connection with anti-money laundering work, formulate anti-money laundering rules and regulations for financial institutions itself or in concert with the relevant finance regulatory organization of the State Council, monitor and inspect financial institutions' performance of anti-money laundering obligations, investigate suspicious transaction activities within its purview and perform other anti-money laundering related duties specified in laws or by the State Council.
国务院反洗钱行政主管部门、国务院有关部门、机构和司法机关在反洗钱工作中应当相互配合。
The agencies of the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering shall monitor and inspect, within the scope authorized by the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering, financial institutions' performance of anti-money laundering obligations.
Article 9: The relevant finance regulatory organization of the State Council shall be involved in the formulation of the anti-money laundering rules and regulations for the financial institutions that they regulate, make known to the financial institutions that they regulate their requirements in respect of the establishment of sound internal anti-money laundering control systems in accordance with provisions and perform other anti-money laundering related duties specified in laws or by the State Council.
第五条 对依法履行反洗钱职责或者义务获得的客户身份资料和交易信息,应当予以保密;非依法律规定,不得向任何单位和个人提供。
Article 10: The State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering will establish an anti-money laundering information centre responsible for accepting and analyzing reports on large and suspicious transactions, reporting its analytical findings to the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering in accordance with regulations and performing other duties specified by the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering.
Article 11: The State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering may, in performing its duty of monitoring funds in connection with anti-money laundering work, obtain necessary information from relevant departments and organizations of the State Council, which information such departments and organizations shall provide.
反洗钱行政主管部门和其他依法负有反洗钱监督管理职责的部门、机构履行反洗钱职责获得的客户身份资料和交易信息,只能用于反洗钱行政调查。
The State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering shall report on anti-money laundering work to the relevant departments and organizations of the State Council on a regular basis.
Article 12: If Customs discovers an individual bringing or taking cash or bearer negotiable securities exceeding the specified amount into or out of the country, it shall report the same to the department in charge of anti-money laundering in a timely manner.
司法机关依照本法获得的客户身份资料和交易信息,只能用于反洗钱刑事诉讼。
The amounts requiring reporting as specified in the preceding paragraph shall be specified by the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering in concert with the General Administration of Customs.
Article 13: If the department in charge of anti-money laundering or other department or organization with a duty to oversee anti-money laundering activities according to law uncovers transaction activities suspected of involving money laundering crime, it shall promptly report the same to the investigative authority.
第六条 履行反洗钱义务的机构及其工作人员依法提交大额交易和可疑交易报告,受法律保护。
Article 14: When the relevant finance regulatory organization of the State Council examines the establishment of a new financial institution or the establishment of a (sub-)branch by a financial institution for approval purposes, it shall review the new institution's plans for its internal anti-money laundering control systems. It shall not grant approval for establishment applications that do not comply herewith.
PART THREE: ANTI- MONEY LAUNDERING OBLIGATIONS OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
第七条 任何单位和个人发现洗钱活动,有权向反洗钱行政主管部门或者公安机关举报。接受举报的机关应当对举报人和举报内容保密。
Article 15: A financial institution shall establish sound internal anti-money laundering control systems in accordance herewith, and its person in charge shall be responsible for the effective implementation of such systems.
A financial institution shall establish a dedicated anti-money laundering department or designate an internal organization responsible for anti-money laundering work.
第二章 反洗钱监督管理
Article 16: A financial institution shall, in accordance with provisions, establish a system for authenticating the identities of customers.
When establishing a business relationship with a customer, or providing the customer a one-time financial service, such as a cash remittance, cash conversion, cashing of a note, etc., that is above the specified amount, a financial institution shall require the customer to present a true and valid proof of identity or other identification document, and shall verify and record the same.
第八条 国务院反洗钱行政主管部门组织、协调全国的反洗钱工作,负责反洗钱的资金监测,制定或者会同国务院有关金融监督管理机构制定金融机构反洗钱规章,监督、检查金融机构履行反洗钱义务的情况,在职责范围内调查可疑交易活动,履行法律和国务院规定的有关反洗钱的其他职责。
If another person is handling a matter on behalf of a customer, the financial institution shall verify and record the proof of identity or other identification document of both the agent and the principal.
When establishing a personal insurance, trust or other such business relationship with a customer, and the beneficiary under the contract is not the customer himself/herself, the financial institution shall additionally verify and record the proof of identity or other identification document of the beneficiary.
国务院反洗钱行政主管部门的派出机构在国务院反洗钱行政主管部门的授权范围内,对金融机构履行反洗钱义务的情况进行监督、检查。
A financial institution may not provide services to, or conduct transactions with, customers whose identity is unknown, or open anonymous or fake name accounts for them.
If a financial institution has suspicions as to the truthfulness, validity or completeness of the identity information previously obtained from a customer, it shall authenticate such customer's identity anew.
第九条 国务院有关金融监督管理机构参与制定所监督管理的金融机构反洗钱规章,对所监督管理的金融机构提出按照规定建立健全反洗钱内部控制制度的要求,履行法律和国务院规定的有关反洗钱的其他职责。
Whenever a work unit or individual establishes a business relationship with a financial institution or requests that a financial institution provide it/him/her a one-time service, it/he/she shall provide a true and valid proof of identity or other identification document.
Article 17: If a financial institution authenticates the identity of a customer through a third party, it shall ensure that the third party has taken measures to authenticate the identity of the customer that satisfy the requirements hereof. If the third party failed to adopt measures to authenticate the identity of the customer that satisfy the requirements hereof, the financial institution shall bear the liability for failing to perform its obligation of authenticating the customer's identity.
第十条 国务院反洗钱行政主管部门设立反洗钱信息中心,负责大额交易和可疑交易报告的接收、分析,并按照规定向国务院反洗钱行政主管部门报告分析结果,履行国务院反洗钱行政主管部门规定的其他职责。
Article 18: When authenticating the identity of a customer, if a financial institution deems it necessary, it may verify the relevant identity information of such customer with the public security, industry and commerce, or other such department.
Article 19: A financial institution shall, in accordance with provisions, establish a system to preserve the identity information and transaction records of customers.
第十一条 国务院反洗钱行政主管部门为履行反洗钱资金监测职责,可以从国务院有关部门、机构获取所必需的信息,国务院有关部门、机构应当提供。
If a change in the identity information of a customer occurs while the business relationship with such customer persists, the customer's identity information shall be updated in a timely manner.
Customer identity information and customer transaction information shall be preserved for a minimum of five years after the conclusion of the business relationship or completion of the transaction, respectively.
国务院反洗钱行政主管部门应当向国务院有关部门、机构定期通报反洗钱工作情况。
When a financial institution goes bankrupt and is dissolved, its customer identity information and customer transaction information shall be transferred to the institution designated by the relevant department of the State Council.
Article 20: A financial institution shall implement a large and suspicious transaction reporting system in accordance with provisions.
第十二条 海关发现个人出入境携带的现金、无记名有价証券超过规定金额的,应当及时向反洗钱行政主管部门通报。
If a single transaction or the aggregate of transactions carried out within a specified period of time handled by a financial institution exceed(s) the specified amount, or if the financial institution discovers suspicious transactions, it shall report the same to the anti-money laundering information center in a timely manner.
Article 21: The specific measures for the establishment of a customer identity authentication system and a customer identity information and transaction record preservation system by financial institutions shall be formulated by the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering in concert with the relevant finance regulatory organization of the State Council. The specific measures for the reporting of large and suspicious transactions by financial institutions shall be formulated by the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering.
前款应当通报的金额标准由国务院反洗钱行政主管部门会同海关总署规定。
Article 22: A financial institution shall carry out anti-money laundering training and publicity in accordance with the requirements of the anti-money laundering prevention and monitoring system.
PART FOUR: ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING INVESTIGATIONS
第十三条 反洗钱行政主管部门和其他依法负有反洗钱监督管理职责的部门、机构发现涉嫌洗钱犯罪的交易活动,应当及时向侦查机关报告。
Article 23: If the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering or a provincial agency at the first level thereof discovers suspicious transaction activities and needs to investigate and verify the same, it may investigate relevant financial institutions. The financial institutions shall cooperate with such investigation and duly provide relevant documents and information.
When an investigation of suspicious transaction activities is conducted, there may not be less than two investigators, and they shall present their lawful credentials and the investigation warrant issued by the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering or the provincial agency at the first level thereof. If there are less than two investigators or if they fail to present their lawful credentials and the investigation warrant, the financial institution shall have the right to refuse the investigation.
第十四条 国务院有关金融监督管理机构审批新设金融机构或者金融机构增设分支机构时,应当审查新机构反洗钱内部控制制度的方案;对于不符合本法规定的设立申请,不予批准。
Article 24: When suspicious transaction activities are being investigated, relevant personnel of the financial institution may be questioned and required to give explanations of relevant circumstances.
A written record shall be made of the interview and given to the person questioned for review. The person questioned may request that any omissions or errors in the record be supplemented or corrected. Once the person questioned has confirmed the record to be error free, he/she shall sign or stamp the same. The investigators shall also sign such record.
第三章 金融机构反洗钱义务
Article 25: If, during an investigation, further verification is required, with the approval of the person in charge of the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering or the provincial level agency thereof, the account information, transaction records and other relevant information of the target of the investigation may be reviewed and copies taken thereof; and documents and information that could be removed, hidden, altered or destroyed may be placed under seal.
When investigators place documents and information under seal, they shall review and count such documents and information together with the working personnel of the financial institution who are present and draw up a list thereof in two copies on the spot. After each copy has been signed or stamped by the investigators and the working personnel of the financial institution who are present, one copy shall be given to the financial institution and one copy shall be placed on file for future reference.
第十五条 金融机构应当依照本法规定建立健全反洗钱内部控制制度,金融机构的负责人应当对反洗钱内部控制制度的有效实施负责。
Article 26: If the suspicion of money laundering remains after the investigation, the case shall be reported to the competent investigative authority promptly. If the customer asks to transfer overseas the funds in the account involved in the investigation, with the approval of the person in charge of the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering, measures may be taken to temporarily freeze such funds.
The investigative authority shall promptly decide whether or not to continue the freeze on the funds temporarily frozen pursuant to the preceding paragraph once it receives the case. If it deems it necessary to continue the freeze, it shall take freezing measures in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Law. If it deems it unnecessary to continue the freeze, it shall notify the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering immediately, which shall promptly notify the financial institution to lift the freeze.
金融机构应当设立反洗钱专门机构或者指定内设机构负责反洗钱工作。
A temporary freeze may not exceed 48 hours. If, within 48 hours after imposing the temporary freeze measures at the request of the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering, the financial institution has not received notice from the investigative authority to continue the freeze, it shall promptly lift such freeze.
PART FIVE: INTERNATIONAL ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING COOPERATION
第十六条 金融机构应当按照规定建立客户身份识别制度。
Article 27: The People's Republic of China shall participate in international anti-money laundering cooperation in accordance with the international treaties that it has concluded or acceded to, or in accordance with the principle of reciprocity.
Article 28: The State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering shall, as authorized by the State Council, represent the Chinese government in anti-money laundering cooperation with foreign governments and international organizations and exchange anti-money laundering related information and data with overseas anti-money laundering authorities in accordance with the law.
金融机构在与客户建立业务关系或者为客户提供规定金额以上的现金汇款、现钞兑换、票据兑付等一次性金融服务时,应当要求客户出示真实有效的身份証件或者其他身份証明文件,进行核对并登记。
Article 29: Judicial authorities shall handle requests for judicial assistance in pursuing money laundering crimes in accordance with relevant laws.
PART SIX: LEGAL LIABILITY
客户由他人代理办理业务的,金融机构应当同时对代理人和被代理人的身份証件或者其他身份証明文件进行核对并登记。
Article 30: If a member of the personnel involved in anti-money laundering work of a department in charge of anti-money laundering or other department or organization with a duty to oversee anti-money laundering work according to law commits any of the acts set forth below, he/she shall be subjected to administrative penalties in accordance with the law:
(1) he/she violates provisions when conducting an inspection or investigation or when taking temporary freezing measures;
与客户建立人身保险、信托等业务关系,合同的受益人不是客户本人的,金融机构还应当对受益人的身份証件或者其他身份証明文件进行核对并登记。
(2) he/she divulges state secrets, trade secrets or an individual's private information learned in the course of anti-money laundering work;
(3) he/she violates provisions when imposing administrative penalties on relevant institutions and personnel; or
金融机构不得为身份不明的客户提供服务或者与其进行交易,不得为客户开立匿名账户或者假名账户。
(4) he/she otherwise fails to perform his/her duties in accordance with the law.
Article 31: If a financial institution commits any of the acts set forth below, the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering or its authorized agency at the first level or higher of the relevant city that is divided into districts shall order it to rectify the matter within a specified time limit; if the circumstances are serious, it shall recommend to the relevant finance regulatory organization that it order, in accordance with the law, the financial institution to impose disciplinary sanctions on the directors and senior management personnel directly responsible and other directly responsible persons:
金融机构对先前获得的客户身份资料的真实性、有效性或者完整性有疑问的,应当重新识别客户身份。
(1) it fails to establish an internal anti-money laundering control system in accordance with provisions;
(2) it fails to establish a dedicated anti-money laundering organization or designate an internal organization with responsibility for anti-money laundering work in accordance with provisions; or
任何单位和个人在与金融机构建立业务关系或者要求金融机构为其提供一次性金融服务时,都应当提供真实有效的身份証件或者其他身份証明文件。
(3) it fails to give its employees anti-money laundering training in accordance with provisions.
Article 32: If a financial institution commits any of the acts set forth below, the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering or its authorized agency at the first level or higher of the relevant city that is divided into districts shall order it to rectify the matter within a specified time limit. If the circumstances are serious, it shall impose a fine of not less than Rmb200,000 and not more than Rmb500,000, and fine the directors and senior management personnel directly responsible and other directly responsible persons not less than Rmb10,000 and not more than Rmb50,000:
第十七条 金融机构通过第三方识别客户身份的,应当确保第三方已经采取符合本法要求的客户身份识别措施;第三方未采取符合本法要求的客户身份识别措施的,由该金融机构承担未履行客户身份识别义务的责任。
(1) it fails to perform its obligation of authenticating the identity of customers in accordance with provisions;
(2) it fails to preserve customer identity information and transaction records in accordance with provisions;
第十八条 金融机构进行客户身份识别,认为必要时,可以向公安、工商行政管理等部门核实客户的有关身份信息。
(3) it fails to submit reports on large or suspicious transactions in accordance with regulations;
(4) it conducts transactions with customers whose identity is unknown or opens anonymous or fake name accounts for them;
第十九条 金融机构应当按照规定建立客户身份资料和交易记录保存制度。
(5) it violates confidentiality provisions by divulging relevant information;
(6) it refuses or interferes with an anti-money laundering inspection or investigation; or
在业务关系存轩期间,客户身份资料发生变更的,应当及时更新客户身份资料。
(7) it refuses to provide materials for an investigation or deliberately provides fraudulent materials.
If a financial institution commits any of the foregoing acts, causing money laundering consequences, it shall be fined not less than Rmb500,000 and not more than Rmb5 million and its directors and senior management personnel directly responsible and other directly responsible persons shall be fined not less than Rmb50,000 and not more than Rmb500,000. If the circumstances are especially serious, the department in charge of anti-money laundering may recommend to the relevant finance regulatory organization that it order a suspension of business for rectification or revoke the financial institution's business permit.
客户身份资料在业务关系结束后、客户交易信息在交易结束后,应当至少保存五年。
If a financial institution is characterized by the circumstances specified in the preceding two paragraph, the department in charge of anti-money laundering may recommend to the relevant finance regulatory organization that it order, in accordance with the law, the financial institution to subject the directors and senior management personnel directly responsible and other directly responsible persons to disciplinary sanctions or recommend the revocation in accordance with the law of their professional qualifications and the imposition of a ban prohibiting them from working in the relevant financial profession.
Article 33: If a criminal offence is established from a violation of this Law, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law.
金融机构破产和解散时,应当将客户身份资料和客户交易信息移交国务院有关部门指定的机构。
PART SEVEN: SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
Article 34: For the purposes of this Law, the term "financial institutions" means policy banks, commercial banks, credit cooperatives, postal savings institutions, trust and investment corporations, securities companies, futures brokerages and insurance companies established in accordance with the law and engaged in finance business, as well as other institutions engaged in finance business as determined and published by the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering.
第二十条 金融机构应当按照规定执行大额交易和可疑交易报告制度。
Article 35: The scope of specific non-financial institutions that have anti-money laundering obligations, and the specific measures governing the performance of their anti-money laundering obligations and the oversight thereof will be formulated by the State Council's department in charge of anti-money laundering in concert with the relevant departments of the State Council.
Article 36: This Law shall govern the monitoring of funds suspected of being destined for use in terrorist activities, unless otherwise specified in other laws, in which case such laws shall prevail.
金融机构办理的单笔交易或者在规定期限内的累计交易超过规定金额或者发现可疑交易的,应当及时向反洗钱信息中心报告。
Article 37: This Law shall be effective as of January 1 2007.
clp reference:3600/06.10.31prc reference:中华人民共和国主席令 (十届第 56 号)promulgated:2006-10-31effective:2007-01-01This premium content is reserved for
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